"The tragic reality is that very few sustainable systems are designed or applied by those who hold power, and the reason for this is obvious and simple: to let people arrange their own food, energy and shelter is to lose economic and political control over them. We should cease to look to power structures, hierarchical systems, or governments to help us, and devise ways to help ourselves." - Bill Mollison

Thursday, January 15, 2009

Poor Man's Coffee

We grow Belgium endive for winter greens but that is not all we use it for. We make a coffee substitute from the dry roasted roots. In appearance it is quite similar to coffee, I personally think it also has a coffee like taste...just no caffeine. It is supposed to have many health benefits.

http://www.orleanscoffee.com/explore/chicory.php

Having used the tops in a salad or stir fry we pull the roots and wash them. They can be a quite a hairy root.

I usually just use my fingers to pull the root hairs off and then use a potato peeler to finish the job. Try to leave as much of the skin on as possible, I think it improves the flavor and health benefits.

Chop the ends off and dice up all the scraps for your chickens or mulch pile.

Then simply slice the roots about 1/8 " thick, place on a tray in the oven, and roast at around 225° for about 2 hours. They can also be dehydrated or dried over a wood stove but may lose the roasted flavor.

The finished product is then ground up fine for a coffee maker or more coarsely for a percolator. You only need to use about a third of the amount you would coffee.

The same thing can be done with dandelion roots, I have tried that but much prefer endive. The biggest problem is keeping my wife out of the chips which are delicious on their own - she eats them faster than I can grind them. While quite satisfactory by itself, we usually do a 70-30% mix of coffee to endive.

Wednesday, January 14, 2009

Video On Permaculture

I really enjoyed this video, especially the pigs.

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=727825431796194016

Tuesday, January 13, 2009

Forced To Provide

Forcing = the art of raising plants, flowers, and fruits at an earlier season than the natural one, as in a hotbed or by the use of artificial heat.

We do not totally rely upon the outside garden for greens in the cold months, forcing is used upon a variety of plants to help provide for us. To us, forcing means allowing certain plants that we have stored in our root cellar to get enough warmth that they will start to grow new edible leaves again.

In Victorian kitchen gardens of old it was popular to force belgian endive, sea kale and rhubarb. Belgian endive was always forced in the dark and the new non bitter shoots were often served at meals.

In the fall we pot up belgian endive

various beets,

turnips, kohlrabi (we call them martians),

and celery

that are stored in our basement/root cellar. As needed, we bring some of the plants upstairs and keep them next to a window so they get light and the pale new growth that has sometimes already started is allowed to change into a more natural healthy color.

The leaves are then cut and used in salads. The root or stalk on all of these is also used at that point. Most of these plants will send out more growth but it will not be as vigorous and the root will become less palatable. This also works well for onions that have started to spoil, instead of the mulch pile we can usually get them to send up some fresh shoots first by simply providing warmth and a little dampness to the roots.

We prefer to eat the leaves after they have been in the light, some of them (especially the endive) will be somewhat bitter tasting but perhaps much more nutritious. Our favorites are the endive and beets. Our endive roots are much smaller this year due to having been replanted in July after a hail storm destroyed them.

Here is a great YouTube video series on Victorian kitchen gardens. The last part of the video talks about forcing rhubarb and sea kale.



Has anyone else tried this, and if so with what plants and results? I am thinking of growing sea kale for forcing this year, I would love to hear others thoughts on this plant.

Monday, January 12, 2009

Mealtime Post - A Big Salad With Quesadillas & Tomatillo Salsa

Tonight's dinner consisted of a main course of simple salad with four types of kale, chard, mustard, and chicory greens, all fresh from the garden.


Topped off with belgian endive, bulls blood beet greens, grated carrots, chioggia and golden beets, turnip, acorn squash, and diced onions all fresh from the root cellar.

As a side we had homemade flour and corn tortillas filled with black beans and onions.

A salsa was made from frozen tomatillos, garlic, onions and some spices that Mrs. H. threw in.

Note the root vegetables are still alive and full of life unlike the poisoned non-organic, or limp organic produce found in the store, least wise in Idaho this time of year.

Growing, preparing, and eating one's own food is most empowering.

Sunday, January 11, 2009

A Flock Of Red Heads

Mrs. H. and I adopted a flock of 13 Rhode Island Red hens and 2 roosters last year and it has turned out to be a most interesting experiment in animal husbandry. From the get go we made a conscious decision to give them as much freedom as possible and feed them as naturally as we could. We now share about 1 acre surrounding our garden with them, and it has proven to be quite advantageous to us. For example, every year the grasshoppers become a pest in the garden, this year they met their demise at the beaks of our 15 red headed step children. I have also gone to extreme measures to keep voles out of our garden as they cause much damage to our root vegetables. This year the voles were few and far between and I have no doubt that all the above ground pecking and scratching caused them to flee for their lives.

The hens did discover that they could fly and have gotten into the greener pastures that are my garden a few times but no serious damage was done. We feed them as much garden produce as they can stand all summer and as much as we can come up with in the winter. They go absolutely crazy over purple brussel sprouts, and since the plants suffered a setback due to weather I fed the plants to them daily throughout the fall and will probably grow them this year just for the chickens.

Egg production has been excellent, it took a little training to get them to come in and lay every day but persistence paid off and they now all seem to understand what the nest boxes are for. Just today, and with it being only 25°, they still laid 9 eggs. We have not had a single day so far this winter without at least a couple eggs.

We go out of our way to feed the chickens various greens, grated beets, carrots, squash, and cooked potatoes on a daily basis.

They also get daily apples, flakes of alfalfa hay, and any other left over scraps that we can come up with that may prove beneficial to the chickens health.

I believe that the food we give them is one of the reasons that they have not stopped laying and seem to be so healthy. The whole reason that we have chickens is to get nutritious eggs that are certainly not available at the stupermarket.

Interestingly enough, given a choice, the grains that they always have access to are the last thing they want to eat. We hope to sell enough of the extra eggs to pay for grains that we must still buy, thus making the flock self-sufficient. We do not yet grow the amount of grains it would take to feed the chickens all year, but hope to do so in the future.
Housing for the birds was built into our barn in order to take up less space outside and give them lots of room in the winter when free range is not an option for them.
It consists of three rooms, the first gives them access to fresh air, but allows them to be closed off into the second room when it is really cold and windy out.

Sleeping quarters come complete with an electric oil heater and lights. The heater is only used if it gets below 25° outside we also added a heating pad for their water dish.

They have become quite friendly and many enjoy being held and given special attention. I believe the flock is looking forward to the end of winter even more than we are, they are given the option, upon occasion, to go out into the snow but have so far chosen not to stray to far from the comfort of the chicken house.

Saturday, January 10, 2009

There Is Nothing Like Salad Fresh Out Of The Garden In January

What a crazy winter this is turning out to be, we already have over 70" of snow and winter is still in it's infancy. Pulling fresh greens out of the garden has proven to be quite a challenge this year.

We have 14 rows of greens that are anywhere from 30-60' long and we have to shovel the snow away to get into them.

Normally, least wise within the last 5 years, we do not get this much snow all at once. I have had a couple of my row covers collapse under the weight of the snow as I did not get them shoveled off fast enough. They will handle around 1 1/2 feet of snow before they start to buckle under the pressure. The row cover in the picture is 3' tall and the snow to the left of it is over 5'.


Is it worth the hassle of digging through all that snow? It is to us. We eat salads year round from our own garden and never have to question where they came from or what has been done to them. Greens are also fed to the chickens - they certainly appreciate their daily rations and reward us with eggs all year. The salad greens below were picked the day after an -8°F degree night.


These were picked a week later when it got back up to almost 30°F




For whatever reason the crops in the row covers

do better than the ones in our cold frames and we are still trying to perfect growing greens for the winter in our unheated greenhouse.

I am always looking to improve the sturdiness of our row covers as it would appear that the winters around here are going to get a bit harsher. This is the front of our house 5 days ago.

Saturday, November 15, 2008

Summer's Over

The weather was not our friend this year but with a little luck and lots of work we managed a fairly good harvest. September - November are the months we work on pulling the majority of our crops out of the garden and getting them ready for the root cellar, freezer, dryer, etc...

The root cellar is our basement, we are lucky to live in an early 1900's cottage type house with a large cement basement that stays fairly cool year around. We keep potatoes,



carrots, beets,


kohlrabi, cabbage,


Belgian endive,


parsnips, turnips, apples, celery in the root cellar because the temperature and humidity is just about right for these crops. Squash,


onions,


and some of the tomatoes,


tomatillos, peppers,


eggplants are all kept in various parts of the house as it is less humid and has a more varied temperature range. Some of the tomatoes (Burpee Long Keeper) last all the way until spring if we are lucky. We also bring some pepper plants live in pots into the house in order to have peppers all the way into December.

We dry apples, pears, plums, tomatoes, walnuts, herbs, garlic, morel mushrooms, and beans.


Some are dried in the greenhouse and porch, but we do rely upon a food dryer for most of them as we have a very humid fall in our area that is not conducive to drying food.

The only herbs we freeze are basil and cilantro. We pick them, wash and dry the leaves as necessary, mix in a big bowl with a little olive oil and then pack them into freezer bags. This seems to make them keep better and allows us to easily separate the frozen leaves as needed. Tomatoes, tomatillos, ground cherries, and peppers are also frozen or made into sauce. Broccoli, beet greens, kale, garlic scapes and basil are made into a pesto and served over pasta. We also freeze some of the kale and use it in soups...it really freezes well and is an excellent addition to soups, omelets, or stir fry.

We freeze most of our berries


but are looking for alternatives to this as the berries make up about 60% of our freezer space. We had to use these two smaller freezers as a backup because our big one overfloweth, I suppose this is a good problem though , it's better to worry about not having enough space than not having enough stuff to fill my spaces.


Our goal is to eventually get away from the whole freezer thing, but we have not come up with a good solution to keeping almost 45 gallons of berries that we grow and gather from the wild each year.

If anyone has come up with a way to store berries in their natural state we would love to hear about it. We use them in smoothies for breakfast and would love to do away with freezing them but don't want the added sugar that canning would involve.

Below is a list I made several years ago to remind me not to forget any of my fall duties. The dates change according to the weather.


HARVEST SCHEDULE:

7/1 - 10/1- dry or freeze (basil & cilantro) herbs and make basil, broccoli pesto

9/01- pull beans for drying in greenhouse

9/15-25 - pull tomatoes (tomatoes in house for quick ripen and basement for slow ripen) and most peppers, tomatillos, ground cherries, and eggplants, pot up peppers to overwinter

9/15-25 - pick summer squash, check pear trees

9/25-10/1- pull and dry on porch, potatoes, winter squash, zucchini, cabbage, kohlrabi ( cabbage kohlrabi only if fearing frost, best to wait as long as possible) (remember that last November got really warm and I pulled cabbage, kohlrabi and potatoes to soon)

9/26-10/20- pick plums

10/1- get row covers ready

10/15-11/15- pot up for forcing, beets, dandelions, Belgian endive (do endive last), broccoli, cabbage plants, asparagus, parsley, and chard ...remember to bury extra greens in bags for the chickens

10/30-11/30- pot up rhubarb ( allow to frost for 3 weeks before bringing in ...see plant notes on forcing rhubarb)

10/1/-10/30- apples and cranberries

10/15- 11/01- pull carrots, pot up leeks, clean garden and greenhouse

11/01-11/15- cut back raspberry and grape vines

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